Differences between revisions 12 and 13
Revision 12 as of 2013-01-03 17:46:44
Size: 838
Editor: static-74-106-235-64
Comment:
Revision 13 as of 2013-01-03 21:27:17
Size: 1550
Editor: ormaaj
Comment: Function is broken. It doesn't really do what you want anyway (compare against patterns)
Deletions are marked like this. Additions are marked like this.
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   # bash/ksh -- ksh does not need the shopt
   shopt -s extglob
   if [[ $var = @(foo|bar|more) ]]; then
   # bash/ksh
   ${BASH_VERSION+shopt -s extglob}
   if [[ $var == @(foo|bar|more) ]]; then
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Alternatively, the "inarray" function could be used: Alternatively, you may loop over a list of patterns, checking each individually.
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   # usage: inarray NEEDLE HAYSTACK ...
   # returns 0 if NEEDLE is in HAYSTACK, otherwise 1.
   inarray() {
     local n=$1 h
     shift
    # bash/ksh/mksh/zsh (w/ emulate ksh)
Line 29: Line 25:
     for n; do
       [[ $n = "$h" ]] && return
     done
     return 1
   }
    # usage: pmatch string pattern [ pattern ... ]
    function pmatch {
        ${1+typeset x=}"${1-false}" &&
        while shift; do
            [[ $x == $1 ]] && return
        done 2>/dev/null
        return 1
    }
Line 35: Line 34:
   if inarray $var foo bar more; then
     ...
   fi
    var='foo bar'
 
if pmatch "$var" foo bar baz foo\* blarg; then
        : ...
    fi
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For logical conjunction (return true if `$var` matches all patterns), ksh93 can use the `&` pattern delimiter.

{{{
    # ksh93 only
    [[ $var == @(foo&bar&more) ]] && ...
}}}

For shells that support only the ksh88 subset (extglob patterns), you may [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DeMorgan%27s_Law | DeMorganify]] the logic using the negation sub-pattern operator.

{{{
    # bash/ksh88/etc...
    ${BASH_VERSION+shopt -s extglob}
    [[ $var == !(!(foo)|!(bar)|!(more)) ]] && ...
}}}

But this is quite unclear and not much shorter than just writing out separate expressions for each pattern.

I want to check if [[ $var == foo || $var == bar || $var == more ]] without repeating $var n times.

The portable solution uses case:

   # Bourne
   case "$var" in
      foo|bar|more) ... ;;
   esac

In Bash and ksh, Extended globs can also do this within a [[ command:

   # bash/ksh
   ${BASH_VERSION+shopt -s extglob}
   if [[ $var == @(foo|bar|more) ]]; then
      ...
   fi

Alternatively, you may loop over a list of patterns, checking each individually.

    # bash/ksh/mksh/zsh (w/ emulate ksh)

    # usage: pmatch string pattern [ pattern ... ]
    function pmatch {
        ${1+typeset x=}"${1-false}" &&
        while shift; do
            [[ $x == $1 ]] && return
        done 2>/dev/null
        return 1
    }

    var='foo bar'
    if pmatch "$var" foo bar baz foo\* blarg; then
        : ...
    fi

For logical conjunction (return true if $var matches all patterns), ksh93 can use the & pattern delimiter.

    # ksh93 only
    [[ $var == @(foo&bar&more) ]] && ...

For shells that support only the ksh88 subset (extglob patterns), you may DeMorganify the logic using the negation sub-pattern operator.

    # bash/ksh88/etc...
    ${BASH_VERSION+shopt -s extglob}
    [[ $var == !(!(foo)|!(bar)|!(more)) ]] && ...

But this is quite unclear and not much shorter than just writing out separate expressions for each pattern.


CategoryShell

BashFAQ/066 (last edited 2022-11-23 19:29:49 by GreyCat)