Anchor(head-5b201b72c451ac6de9f7e30e0387eae860815182) Anchor(faq1)

How can I read a file line-by-line?

    while read line
    do
        echo "$line"
    done < "$file"

If you want to operate on individual fields within each line, you may supply additional variables to read: 

    # Input file has 3 columns separated by white space.
    while read first_name last_name phone; do
      ...
    done < "$file"

If the field delimiters are not whitespace, you can set IFS (input field separator): 

    while IFS=: read user pass uid gid gecos home shell; do
      ...
    done < /etc/passwd